Dritt tal-Espressjoni. Kummentarju RTK 13.10.2015

Nghixu fi stat demokratiku fejn d-dritt ghall-liberta tal-espressjoni huwa kkunsidrat dritt fundamentali fl-artikolu 41 tal-Kostituzzjoni. Kull dritt , kull forma ta’ liberta jgib u ggib responsabbilita. Illum nafu li kull persuna tistgha tesercita dan id-dritt fil-qafas legali li s-socjeta taghna fuq l-esperjenza ta snin twal bniet. Li ma tweggax lill-ohrajn, ma theddidhom, li ma tnaqsilhomx mill-gieh taghhom jew timmalafhom huwa parti integrali minn kif ngibu ruhhna ma xulxin. Parti mill-kultura maltija. Hemm ordni socjali, paci interna li dawn il-ligijiet jzommu. Fuq dan il-qafas hadna hsieb li ma kull zmien zidna iktar ligijiet li jassiguraw dan ghax il-kelma u l-ezempju mhux dejjem iqanqlu ghal agir li ma ghandux jkollna f’socjeta. Dan huwa accettat , sewwa u necessarju.

Fuq dan t-tghalim u flimkien mal-bqija tal-Unjoni Ewropeja illum ghandna ukoll d-delitt ta min juza kliem jew imgieba ta theddid abbuziv jew insolenti jew jesebixxi xi materjal stampat li jkun ta theddid , abbuziv jew insolenti bil-hsieb li b’hekk jqajjem vjolenza jew mibghaeda razzjali. Kif ukoll ghandna delitt kontra kull min pubblikament jsikuza , jichad jew itaffi b’mod grossolan xi genocidju, delitt kontra l-umanita u delitt tal-gwerra dirett kontra grupp ta persuni jew xi membru ta dak il-grupp b’referenza ghar-razza, kulur, religjon.  Dawn huma passi li jkomplu jaffermawna bhala post fejn ic-civilta tezisti , fejn il-bnedmin huma mhajra jghixu minghajr ma jaghmlu hsara lill-ohrajn.

Il-ligijiet taghna servewna sew sabiex id-dritt tal-liberta tal-espressjoni tigi rispettata pero ilkoll nafu li ma jistghax jkun assolut. Pajjizi ohra mxew f’direzzjonijiet ohra dehrilhom li ghandhom jiddikjaraw bhala legali li wiehed joffendi lil haddiehor fuq s-sentimenti religjuzi tieghu. Mhux kull persuna tirrejagixxi l-istess ghall-insulti . Biss nafu dak li haddiehor ghadda minnu. Hemm riskji ta sigurta , stabbilita u ordni pubbliku li mertu ta min bena l-ligijiet taghna qabel ma ghaddejniex minnu u l-ghaqal ghandu jurina li ma ghandniex nidhlu ghalih fix-xejn. X’vantagg ser niehdu minn dan? Ser niggwadanjaw iktar ser nzidu fil-valur tac-civilta taghna, fl-ispirtu ta tolleranza u rispett li min zmien ruma kelna hawn, jew ser nifthu l-bieb ghal agir li ma ghandniex bzonn?

Hemm kwistjonijiet ta kunflitti bejn dawk li jemmnu u dawk le bejn dawk li jidentifikaw rwiehom bhala sekulari u dawk le. Kif jghid Jurgen Habermas    “The understanding of tolerance in pluralistic societies with a liberal constitution demands that in their dealings with unbelievers and those of different faiths, believers should grasp that they must reasonably expect that the dissent they encounter will go on existing: at the same ,however , a liberal political culture expects that un believers, too, will grasp the same point in their dealings with believers[1].”

Kull min jimxi biex jibdel l-ligijiet dawn ir-regoli fundamentali tas-socjeta taghna jrid jmexxi lilu innifsu fuq zewg principji l-ewwel nett tibdilx dak li qieghed jahdem , ibdel biss jekk ser timxi l-quddiem, tipperfezzjon jew tnehhi dak li qieghed jikkawza l-hsara, it-tieni ara jekk dak li jkun sejjer jsir huwiex ser jkun accettabbli ghall-poplu, jekk huwiex ser jobdi u josserva dawk il-ligijiet inkella huwiex ser jarhom u jikkonsidrhom bhala ingusti u zbaljati.

Nittamaw li anki fuq dan ir-raguni tirbah fuq il-forza tan-numri parlamentari u ma mmorrux f’direzzjonijiet li z-zminijiet partikolari tal-lum b’iktar radikalizzazzjoni izlamiku jaghti parir car l-kontra.

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[1] The Dialectics of Secularization (On Reason and Religon)